What Water Damage Can Occur in an Unoccupied Home During Winter?

Water inside pipes can freeze when indoor temperatures drop, which often occurs if the heat is turned off in a vacant home. The ice expands, creating immense pressure that can crack metal or plastic pipes. When the ice thaws, the crack becomes an open leak, potentially releasing hundreds of gallons of water into walls, ceilings, and floors before anyone is aware.

This flooding can ruin drywall, insulation, and flooring. The water may also damage electrical systems, creating a fire hazard. A simple step like leaving cabinet doors open to allow warm air to circulate can help, but it does not fully prevent freezing. If you plan to be away, know the location of your main water shutoff valve.

Water supply lines to appliances like washing machines, dishwashers, and refrigerators can degrade and fail. A worn rubber hose or a loose connection may give way, causing a steady flow of water. Similarly, toilet seals or supply valves can leak. Without daily activity in the home, these leaks can go on for a long time, causing extensive damage to cabinetry and subfloors.

Corrosion or mineral buildup can also cause valves to stick or seals to fail. It is wise to shut off the main water supply to the home if you will be away for a long stretch. Alternatively, you can shut off individual supply lines to appliances and fixtures to minimize the risk of a major leak occurring in your absence.

Heavy winter rain can saturate the soil around your home's foundation. If the ground is not properly graded to slope away from the house, water can pool and seep into slab foundations or crawl spaces. Cracks in the foundation or walls provide a direct path for this water. Over weeks, this leads to standing water, damaged belongings, and weakened structural supports.

Window wells can also fill with water and debris, causing leaks. Ensure your property's drainage is functioning before winter. Clear debris from drains and extend downspouts. Inside, a dehumidifier on a timer can help manage humidity, but it cannot stop an active leak from outside.