What Size Hail Causes Serious Damage to a Home?

Meteorologists measure hail by comparing it to common objects. Pea-sized hail, about a quarter inch, typically bounces off without harm. When hail reaches marble or penny size, around half an inch, you might see dents in aluminum siding or gutters. The real trouble often starts at one inch, or quarter-sized hail, which can crack asphalt roof shingles and allow water to intrude.

Golf ball hail, approximately 1.75 inches in diameter, presents a significant threat. At this size, the impact energy can break vinyl siding, shatter window panes, and damage roof vents. Larger hail, like tennis balls or baseballs, carries enough force to puncture plywood roof decking, which immediately exposes the interior of your home to the weather. This level of damage requires urgent professional assessment and repair.

Begin your inspection from the ground for safety, using binoculars if possible. Look for obvious signs like dented gutters, downspouts, or window screens. Check siding for cracks, holes, or chipped paint. Examine window frames and trim for fresh damage. Note any debris, like granules from asphalt shingles, collected in your gutters or scattered on the ground around your home's perimeter.

If it is safe to do so, you can perform a closer look from a ladder, but do not walk on a potentially damaged roof. Look for shingles that are cracked, bruised, or missing. A bruised shingle will feel soft when pressed, like a bruised apple. Check flashings around chimneys and vents for dents or separations. Document everything you see with clear, date-stamped photographs from multiple angles.

Your first step after identifying potential hail damage is to contact your homeowner's insurance company. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered. They will likely send an adjuster to inspect the damage. It is wise to have your own documentation ready. Do not make permanent repairs before the adjuster's visit, but take temporary measures, like tarping a roof, to prevent further water entry.

For a thorough assessment of water damage and necessary structural repairs, local water damage pros are equipped to evaluate the full extent. They use moisture meters and thermal imaging to find hidden moisture. Damage from storms should be addressed promptly to prevent secondary issues like mold.